Biomarkers · Renal & Purine
Serum Cystatin C
Lower values carry lower risk. Not measured in our NHANES panel; the curve is synthesised from the published association.
Hazard ratio relative to the curve's reference value, as synthesised from the published association.
Published hazard ratio1.61per SD (95% CI 1.48–1.76) · CKD Prognosis Consortium (11 General Population Cohorts)
Where people sit
Population percentiles (mg/L) by sex and age band. Cycle or source as recorded in the catalogue.
| Sex | Age | 5th | 25th | Median | 75th | 95th | n | Cycle / source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | 20-39 | 0.54 | 0.64 | 0.72 | 0.82 | 1.04 | 1,900 | 1999-2002 |
| All | 40-59 | 0.58 | 0.70 | 0.81 | 0.95 | 1.28 | 1,920 | 1999-2002 |
| All | 60+ | 0.68 | 0.84 | 0.98 | 1.20 | 1.82 | 1,980 | 1999-2002 |
| All | all | 0.58 | 0.71 | 0.82 | 0.97 | 1.45 | 5,800 | 1999-2002 |
| Men | all | 0.60 | 0.73 | 0.85 | 1.01 | 1.50 | 2,850 | 1999-2002 |
| Women | all | 0.56 | 0.69 | 0.80 | 0.94 | 1.40 | 2,950 | 1999-2002 |
What studies found when this marker was changed
Effects on the biomarker reported in the cited studies. They describe what happened in those populations, not a recommendation for anyone. See all catalogued interventions.
| Type | Intervention | Reported effect | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| clinical | Rigorous systolic blood pressure control (<120 mmHg) | -15% to -25% attenuation of filtration decline | rct | SPRINT Research Group. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:2103-2116. |
| clinical | Severe untreated hyperthyroidism | +25% to +50% non-renal elevation | prospective cohort | Fricker M, et al. Clin Chem. 2003;49:439-444. |
| diet | Optimal plant-dominant dietary protein pattern and blood pressure control | Stabilizes Cystatin C levels and halts progressive rise | cohort | Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium. Association of estimated glomerular… |
| lifestyle | Anti-inflammatory Mediterranean lifestyle and exercise | -10% to -18% reduction | prospective cohort | Khatri M, et al. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;9:1099-1106. |
| pharmacologic | SGLT2 inhibitors (Dapagliflozin / Empagliflozin) | -20% to -35% mitigation of long-term cystatin rise | rct | Wheeler DC, et al. Kidney Int. 2021;100:459-470. |
| pharmacologic | Glucocorticoid administration (Prednisone therapy) | +20% to +40% increase independent of actual GFR | mechanistic | Risch L, et al. Clin Chem. 2001;47:2055-2059. |
Sources
- Hazard curve: N Engl J Med 2013; 369:933-943
- Shlipak MG, et al. Cystatin C versus creatinine in determining risk based on kidney function. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(10):932-943.