Biomarkers · Lipids & Apolipoproteins
Serum Triglycerides
Lower values carry lower risk. In NHANES 1999–2018 with linked mortality to 2019, each standard deviation is associated with a hazard ratio of 1.06. Reproduces in NHANES
NHANES, our fit with 95% CIPublished curve
Hazard ratios relative to each curve's own reference value, so the two curves need not cross 1 at the same point. The dotted vertical line marks the NHANES median.
NHANES hazard per SD1.0695% CI 1.02–1.10 · 23,340 adults, 3,455 deaths
Published hazard ratio1.18per SD (95% CI 1.11–1.26) · Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration (29 Prospective Studies)
Where people sit
Population percentiles (mg/dL) by sex and age band. Cycle or source as recorded in the catalogue.
| Sex | Age | 5th | 25th | Median | 75th | 95th | n | Cycle / source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | 20-39 | 43.0 | 68.0 | 97.0 | 145 | 265 | 1,290 | 2017-2018 |
| All | 40-59 | 52.0 | 85.0 | 126 | 185 | 348 | 1,250 | 2017-2018 |
| All | 60+ | 54.0 | 83.0 | 119 | 172 | 315 | 1,300 | 2017-2018 |
| All | all | 48.0 | 78.0 | 114 | 169 | 310 | 3,840 | 2017-2018 |
| Men | all | 49.0 | 82.0 | 122 | 182 | 340 | 1,870 | 2017-2018 |
| Women | all | 47.0 | 74.0 | 107 | 158 | 285 | 1,970 | 2017-2018 |
What studies found when this marker was changed
Effects on the biomarker reported in the cited studies. They describe what happened in those populations, not a recommendation for anyone. See all catalogued interventions.
| Type | Intervention | Reported effect | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| clinical | Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes and severe insulin resistance | +50% to +300% elevation (often >500 mg/dL, pancreatitis risk) | clinical guideline | Berglund L, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97:2969-2989. |
| diet | Carbohydrate restriction, elimination of added sugars/alcohol, and Omega-3 EPA/DHA intake | Lowers triglycerides by 25-50% | RCT | Estruch R, et al. Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease with a Mediterran… |
| diet | Carbohydrate restriction and ketogenic / low-glycemic dietary protocol | -30% to -55% reduction | meta-analysis | Bueno NB, et al. Br J Nutr. 2013;110:1178-1187. |
| diet | Excessive intake of alcohol and high-fructose corn syrup | +40% to +150% elevation | prospective cohort | Stanhope KL, et al. J Clin Invest. 2009;119:1322-1334. |
| exercise | Aerobic and resistance exercise with 5-10% body weight loss | -20% to -40% reduction | rct | Wing RR, et al. Diabetes Care. 2011;34:1481-1486. |
| pharmacologic | Icosapent ethyl (Purified EPA 4g/day) | -25% to -35% reduction with 25% MACE reduction | rct | Bhatt DL, et al. N Engl J Med. 2019;380:11-22. |
Sources
- Hazard curve: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2014; 2:655
- Sarwar N, et al. Triglycerides and the risk of coronary heart disease and all-cause mortality: 10,158 incident cases among 262,525 participants in 29 Western prospective studies. Circulation. 2007;115(4):450-458.
- Empirical curve: our Cox model with age and sex, NHANES 1999–2018 with linked mortality to 2019.