Biomarkers · Inflammation
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)
Lower values carry lower risk. Not measured in our NHANES panel; the curve is synthesised from the published association.
Hazard ratio relative to the curve's reference value, as synthesised from the published association.
Published hazard ratio1.35top vs bottom third (95% CI 1.16–1.58) · Health ABC Study (Well-functioning older cohort)
Where people sit
Population percentiles (pg/mL) by sex and age band. Cycle or source as recorded in the catalogue.
| Sex | Age | 5th | 25th | Median | 75th | 95th | n | Cycle / source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | 20-39 | 1.20 | 1.68 | 2.06 | 2.49 | 3.44 | 353 | MIDUS 3 Biomarker Proj… |
| All | 40-59 | 1.20 | 1.68 | 2.06 | 2.49 | 3.44 | 353 | MIDUS 3 Biomarker Proj… |
| All | 60+ | 1.30 | 1.86 | 2.21 | 2.83 | 4.14 | 366 | MIDUS 3 Biomarker Proj… |
| All | all | 1.26 | 1.77 | 2.13 | 2.67 | 4.04 | 747 | MIDUS 3 Biomarker Proj… |
| Men | all | 1.24 | 1.79 | 2.13 | 2.68 | 4.35 | 330 | MIDUS 3 Biomarker Proj… |
| Women | all | 1.26 | 1.75 | 2.14 | 2.67 | 4.00 | 417 | MIDUS 3 Biomarker Proj… |
What studies found when this marker was changed
Effects on the biomarker reported in the cited studies. They describe what happened in those populations, not a recommendation for anyone. See all catalogued interventions.
| Type | Intervention | Reported effect | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| diet | Caloric restriction and anti-inflammatory polyphenol-rich dietary intake | Reduces TNF-alpha by 15-30% | RCT | Estruch R, et al. Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease with a Mediterran… |
| diet | Plant-based polyphenol-rich dietary intervention | -15% to -28% reduction | rct | Schwingshackl L, et al. Nutrition. 2015;31:1-12. |
| diet | High-fat, high-glycemic Western diet driving endotoxemia | +40% to +75% elevation | rct | Ghanim H, et al. Diabetes Care. 2009;32:1645-1647. |
| lifestyle | Sedentary lifestyle and prolonged physical inactivity | +25% to +45% elevation | prospective cohort | Pedersen BK. Physiol Rev. 2017;97:1269-1284. |
| nutraceutical | High-dose Resveratrol supplementation (500 mg/day) | -12% to -20% reduction | meta-analysis | Haghighatdoost F, et al. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2019;59:1453-1463. |
| pharmacologic | TNF inhibitors (Infliximab / Adalimumab / Etanercept) | -60% to -85% bioactivity reduction | rct | Feldmann M, et al. Annu Rev Immunol. 2001;19:163-196. |
Sources
- Hazard curve: Synthesized from mortality_association (HR=1.35 tertile_extreme); per-SD log(HR)=0.204. Elevated TNF-alpha predicts incident cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in aging populations.
- Cesari M, et al. Inflammatory markers and cardiovascular disease (The Health ABC Study). Circulation. 2003;108(19):2317-2322.
Map Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) against another biomarker.