Biomarkers · Inflammation
High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP)
Lower values carry lower risk. In NHANES 1999–2018 with linked mortality to 2019, each standard deviation is associated with a hazard ratio of 1.30. Reproduces in NHANES
NHANES, our fit with 95% CIPublished curve
Hazard ratios relative to each curve's own reference value, so the two curves need not cross 1 at the same point. The dotted vertical line marks the NHANES median.
NHANES hazard per SD1.3095% CI 1.26–1.33 · 38,322 adults, 6,162 deaths
Published hazard ratio1.55top vs bottom third (95% CI 1.43–1.69) · Individual Participant Meta-Analysis (54 Prospective Cohorts)
Across cohorts, HR per SD1.30NHANES 1.30 [1.26–1.33] · CRELES 1.30 [1.19–1.43]
Where people sit
Population percentiles (mg/L) by sex and age band. Cycle or source as recorded in the catalogue.
| Sex | Age | 5th | 25th | Median | 75th | 95th | n | Cycle / source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | 20-39 | 0.20 | 0.60 | 1.30 | 2.90 | 9.10 | 2,720 | 2017-2018 |
| All | 40-59 | 0.20 | 0.80 | 1.80 | 4.10 | 12.2 | 2,680 | 2017-2018 |
| All | 60+ | 0.30 | 1.10 | 2.20 | 4.80 | 14.2 | 2,814 | 2017-2018 |
| All | all | 0.20 | 0.80 | 1.70 | 3.90 | 11.8 | 8,214 | 2017-2018 |
| Men | all | 0.20 | 0.70 | 1.40 | 3.30 | 10.2 | 3,980 | 2017-2018 |
| Women | all | 0.20 | 0.90 | 2.00 | 4.50 | 13.5 | 4,234 | 2017-2018 |
What studies found when this marker was changed
Effects on the biomarker reported in the cited studies. They describe what happened in those populations, not a recommendation for anyone. See all catalogued interventions.
| Type | Intervention | Reported effect | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| clinical | Severe Periodontitis and Chronic Gum Infection | +40% to +80% elevation | systematic review | Paraskevas S, et al. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35:277-291. |
| diet | Mediterranean Diet enriched with Extra-Virgin Olive Oil or Tree Nuts | Reduces hs-CRP by 15-25% over 12 months | RCT | Estruch R, et al. Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease with a Mediterran… |
| diet | Mediterranean Diet rich in extra virgin olive oil and nuts | -20% to -35% reduction | rct | Estruch R, et al. N Engl J Med. 2018;378:e34. |
| diet | High Ultra-Processed Food and Refined Sugar Consumption | +30% to +60% elevation | prospective cohort | Srour B, et al. BMJ. 2019;365:l1451. |
| exercise | Aerobic and resistance exercise training (>= 150 min/week moderate-vigorous) | Reduces hs-CRP by 18-30% | meta-analysis | Estruch R, et al. Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease with a Mediterran… |
| exercise | High-intensity interval and continuous aerobic exercise | -15% to -30% reduction | meta-analysis | Fedewa MV, et al. Br J Sports Med. 2017;51:670-676. |
| nutraceutical | Curcumin Phytosome formulation (1000 mg/day) | -15% to -25% reduction | meta-analysis | Sahebkar A. Clin Nutr. 2014;33:418-425. |
| pharmacologic | Statin therapy (e.g., Rosuvastatin 20 mg/day or Atorvastatin) | Reduces hs-CRP by 37% (from median 4.2 to 2.2 mg/L) | RCT | Ridker PM, et al. Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with … |
| pharmacologic | Statin therapy (Atorvastatin 40-80 mg or Rosuvastatin 20 mg) | -37% to -52% reduction | rct | Ridker PM, et al. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:2195-2207. |
| sleep | Chronic sleep deprivation (< 6 hours/night) and circadian disruption | Increases circulating hs-CRP by 20-45% | cohort | National Center for Health Statistics. National Health and Nutrition Examination… |
| sleep | Chronic Sleep Deprivation (<5 hours/night) | +25% to +45% elevation | meta-analysis | Irwin MR, et al. Biol Psychiatry. 2016;80:40-52. |
Sources
- Hazard curve: Lancet 2010; 375:132-140; NEJM 2017 (CANTOS)
- Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration. C-reactive protein concentration and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and all-cause mortality: meta-analysis of individual participant data from 54 long-term prospective studies. Lancet. 2010;375(9710):132-140.
- Ridker PM, et al. C-Reactive Protein and Other Markers of Inflammation in the Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease in Women. N Engl J Med. 2000;342(12):836-843.
- Empirical curve: our Cox model with age and sex, NHANES 1999–2018 with linked mortality to 2019.
Map High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) against another biomarker · Featured: Inflammation (CRP) × albumin.